Research Comparison

GHK-Cu
vs AHK-Cu

A structured comparison of two copper-binding tripeptides studied in dermal and tissue-interface research — and the single residue that sets them apart.

Research reference · Updated May 2026

At a Glance

GHK-Cu and AHK-Cu belong to the same research family — copper peptides, short tripeptides that chelate a copper(II) ion. They are studied side by side because they are nearly identical in structure: the difference is the first amino-acid residue. GHK-Cu carries glycine; AHK-Cu carries alanine. Everything else — the histidine, the lysine, and the bound copper — is shared.

AttributeGHK-CuAHK-Cu
Peptide sequenceGly-His-LysAla-His-Lys
Position-1 residueGlycineAlanine
Compound classCopper-binding tripeptideCopper-binding tripeptide
Metal complexChelates copper(II)Chelates copper(II)
CAS number49557-75-7Reported for the AHK-Cu complex
Research focusDermal & tissue-interface modelsDermal & follicle-interface models
Research depthExtensively studiedLess extensively studied
Physical formLyophilized powder / solutionLyophilized powder / solution
Intended useLaboratory research onlyLaboratory research only

Structure & Copper Chelation

Both peptides are tripeptides — three amino acids — that form a complex with a copper(II) ion. The histidine residue is central to copper coordination in both molecules, which is why the position-1 substitution (glycine vs alanine) does not change the fundamental copper-binding character. In research, the two are studied as closely related copper-peptide reference compounds, and the structural similarity is exactly what makes a controlled comparison useful: it isolates the contribution of that single residue.

Research Context

GHK-Cu (glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine copper complex) is the most extensively studied copper peptide and is the standard reference compound in copper-peptide research, examined widely in dermal and tissue-interface models.

AHK-Cu (alanyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine copper complex) is the alanine analog. It is studied in similar dermal and follicle-interface research contexts but has a smaller body of research behind it. Researchers comparing the two are typically interested in how the position-1 substitution affects behavior in a given assay.

Which Should a Study Use?

Neither is "better" — they are sister compounds. GHK-Cu is the established reference with the deepest research record; AHK-Cu is the structural variant. Selection depends entirely on the research question and whether a study is specifically examining the glycine-to-alanine substitution. Both belong to the broader copper-peptide research category covered in the Research Hub.

Research Use Only

GHK-Cu and AHK-Cu are sold strictly for laboratory and in-vitro research. They are not for human consumption, veterinary use, or any diagnostic or therapeutic application. This comparison is research reference material, not medical or cosmetic advice.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between GHK-Cu and AHK-Cu?

Both are copper-binding tripeptides. GHK-Cu carries a glycine residue at the first position (Gly-His-Lys), while AHK-Cu carries an alanine residue (Ala-His-Lys). GHK-Cu is the far more extensively studied of the two.

Are GHK-Cu and AHK-Cu copper peptides?

Yes. Both are tripeptide-copper complexes — short peptides that chelate a copper(II) ion — and are commonly grouped together as copper peptides in research.

Which is more studied?

GHK-Cu has by far the larger research record and is the standard copper-peptide reference compound. AHK-Cu is the less-studied alanine analog.

Are these compounds for human use?

No. GHK-Cu and AHK-Cu are sold strictly for laboratory and in-vitro research use only and are not for human consumption, veterinary use, or any therapeutic application.

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For laboratory and research use only. This comparison is research reference material — not medical, cosmetic, dosing, or therapeutic advice. Both compounds are intended exclusively for in-vitro and laboratory research.